The frequency response characteristics of cylindrical shock absorber have a key influence on its shock absorption effect under various working conditions. An in-depth understanding of these characteristics will help optimize its design and application.
First of all, the frequency response characteristics of a cylindrical shock absorber refers to its ability to respond to vibration inputs of different frequencies. In the low frequency band, when the vibration frequency is low, the shock absorber mainly relies on its internal damping structure and oil flow to consume energy. For example, when the vehicle drives over a road with small undulations, the piston of the shock absorber moves slowly, and the resistance of the oil through the damping hole generates a damping force, which gradually reduces the amplitude of the up and down vibration of the body, thereby providing a smoother driving experience. At this time, the damping force of the shock absorber is relatively small, and it mainly plays a buffering and stabilizing role to prevent excessive shaking of the vehicle body.
Secondly, in the mid-frequency band, as the vibration frequency increases, the performance of the cylindrical shock absorber changes. The piston movement speed is accelerated, and the flow characteristics of the oil have a more significant impact on the damping force. At this time, the shock absorber needs to provide sufficient damping force to suppress vibration while avoiding excessive impact force transmitted to the vehicle body due to excessive damping. For example, when the vehicle passes through some moderately bumpy roads, such as rural roads, the shock absorber must be able to effectively filter out the medium and high-frequency vibrations from the road surface, so that the occupants in the vehicle do not feel excessively strong bumps and ensure ride comfort. This requires the damping coefficient of the shock absorber to have a reasonable value range in the mid-frequency band, which is achieved by optimizing the internal valve system structure and oil parameters.
Furthermore, in the high frequency band, when the vibration frequency is very high, the cylindrical shock absorber faces greater challenges. Due to changes in the inertia and viscosity force of the oil under high-frequency vibration, the damping force of the shock absorber may fluctuate. However, a good-performing cylindrical shock absorber should still try its best to attenuate high-frequency vibrations to prevent them from being transmitted to the vehicle body and drivers and passengers. For example, when a vehicle encounters minor unevenness on the road surface when driving at high speed, if the high-frequency vibration cannot be effectively suppressed, it will cause noise and discomfort in the vehicle, affecting the driving experience and the driving stability of the vehicle. At this time, the sealing structure of the shock absorber, the rigidity of the piston rod, and the fine internal design all play a key role in its high-frequency response performance.
Finally, the frequency response characteristics of cylindrical shock absorber vary under different working conditions. When driving on urban roads, the road conditions are relatively good, and the shock absorbers mainly deal with lower-frequency vibrations to ensure the comfort and stability of the vehicle. In off-road conditions, vehicles will encounter various complex vibration frequencies, from low-frequency large potholes to high-frequency gravel bumps. The cylindrical shock absorber needs to have a good response in a wide frequency range and provide sufficient damping. It protects the vehicle chassis and body structure while ensuring the safety and comfort of the people inside the vehicle. In high-performance vehicle applications such as racing cars, shock absorbers need to be accurately adjusted in a specific frequency range according to the characteristics of the track and driving needs to achieve the best balance between handling performance and shock absorption effect, so that the vehicle can It remains stable and responsive during high-speed driving and intense maneuvering.
